Spectrum Analyzer

1. Conceptual Intuition (L1)

• The Eye of the RF Engineer.
• Time Domain (Oscilloscope) vs Frequency Domain (Spec An).
• Simple view: "How loud is it at 100 MHz?"

2. Engineering Math (L2)

• Resolution Bandwidth (RBW): The sharpness of the filter needle.
• Video Bandwidth (VBW): Smoothing the trace.
• Sweep Time ($T_{sweep} \propto 1/RBW^2$).

3. System Application (L3)

• DANL (Displayed Average Noise Level) optimization (Preamps, Attenuation).
• Phase Noise measurements.
• Zero-Span mode (Time domain power).

Interactive Component: Virtual Spectrum Analyzer

• Description: Adjust RBW and see the noise floor/sweep time change.
• Controls: RBW, VBW, Attenuation, Span.